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翻訳と辞書　辞書検索 [ 開発暫定版 ] スポンサード リンク Kramers' law ： ウィキペディア英語版 Kramers' law Kramers' law is a formula for the spectral distribution of X-rays produced by an electron hitting a solid target. The formula concerns only bremsstrahlung radiation, not the element specific characteristic radiation. It is named after its discoverer, the Dutch physicist Hendrik Anthony Kramers. The formula for Kramers' law is usually given as the distribution of intensity (photon count) $I$ against the wavelength $\backslash lambda$ of the emitted radiation: :$I(\backslash lambda)\; d\backslash lambda\; =\; K\; \backslash left(\; \backslash frac\; d\backslash lambda$ The constant ''K'' is proportional to the atomic number of the target element, and $\backslash lambda\_$ is the minimum wavelength given by the Duane–Hunt law. The intensity described above is a particle flux and not an energy flux as can be seen by the fact that the integral over values from $\backslash lambda\_$ to $\backslash infty$ is infinite. However, the integral of the energy flux is finite. To obtain a simple expression for the energy flux, first change variables from $\backslash lambda$ (the wavelength) to $\backslash omega$ (the angular frequency) using $\backslash lambda=2\backslash pi\; c/\backslash omega$ and also using $\backslash tilde\; I(\backslash omega)=I(\backslash lambda)\backslash frac$. Now $\backslash tilde\; I(\backslash omega)$ is that quantity which is integrated over $\backslash omega$ from 0 to $\backslash omega\_$ to get the total number (still infinite) of photons, where $\backslash omega\_=2\backslash pi\; c/\backslash lambda\_$: :$\backslash tilde\; I(\backslash omega)=\backslash frac\backslash left(\; \backslash frac-1\backslash right)$ The energy flux, which we will call $\backslash psi(\backslash omega)$ (but which may also be referred to as the "intensity" in conflict with the above name of $I(\backslash lambda)$) is obtained by multiplying the above $\backslash tilde\; I$ by the energy $\backslash hbar\backslash omega$: :$\backslash psi(\backslash omega)=\backslash frac(\backslash hbar\backslash omega\_-\backslash hbar\backslash omega)$ for $\backslash omega\; \backslash le\; \backslash omega\_$ :$\backslash psi(\backslash omega)=0$ for $\backslash omega\backslash ge\; \backslash omega\_$. It is a linear function that is zero at the maximum energy $\backslash hbar\backslash omega\_$. == References == 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Kramers' law」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク 翻訳と辞書 : 翻訳のためのインターネットリソース Copyright(C) kotoba.ne.jp 1997-2016. All Rights Reserved.